What is Computer Forensics?

As modern technology advances, so does its potential to be an appealing resource to criminals. Whether using online search tools to research illegal acts or hacking into corporations to steal confidential information, criminals leave a digital footprint wherever they go.

So what is computer forensics? Computer forensics can be used for a variety of difference purposes but whether it is in law enforcement or in a corporate or government setting, using computer forensics knowledge to gather vital evidence after a crime has been committed is key.

Committing the Crime

Computers are used to commit crimes both on and off the internet. Web history may show sites that directly reference the criminal act committed, emails sent to friends or family members may contain confessions and hard drives may have incriminating photos or data.

The evidence does not always stay on the computer either. Data is transferred to external drives, CDs and other storage devices. Evidence can also be found on digital cameras and mobile phones.

A digital forensics specialist secures these devices at the crime scene and transfers them to a lab. They must follow a strict protocol that ensures the digital devices are attained legally and kept safe in the process.

Gathering the Evidence

Because they are dealing with sensitive information, the digital forensic specialist must take measures to be sure they do not destroy or lose any evidence. When entering a crime scene, they cannot simply unplug a computer and walk out with it. In fact, many of these computers are set up to erase their own hard drive in the event of an improper shutdown.

Instead, all digital devices must be documented, photographed and removed according to the appropriate procedure. Because some information will be lost when powering down a computer, tools can be used to collect this temporary evidence as well.

Once the devices have been acquired, they are analyzed carefully in the lab. Everything is documented and compiled into a report. The report can then be used in the criminal court as valid and significant evidence.

Getting Certified

There are two distinct routes one can take to become a computer forensics specialist. Many colleges offer computer forensics degree programs and certificates in this exact field, but a degree in computer science or a license in private investigation is a strong start as well.

Working directly in law enforcement can provide opportunities to cross-train and transfer into a computer forensics unit. This option provides field experience as well as reliable training.

Whether opting for formal education or beginning with direct experience in law enforcement, computer forensics is a continuously growing career field that promises a challenging and rewarding experience.

Tags: computer forensics, forensic data, forensic degree programs, forensic specialists, internet crime, latest technology
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